The title of the play Fences
by August Wilson has several meanings. It has a literal meaning because throughout
the play Troy and Cory spend a majority of their time together building a
fence. The fence can have a symbolic meaning because Troy struggles to keep
himself away from everyone else; he wants to separate himself from things. This
is evident in the text that follows:
Cory: “Tell mama I’ll be back fir my tings.”
Troy: They’ll be on the other side of that fence.”
(2.4.110-2.4.111)
In this texts Troy uses the fence as an actual physical
barrier between him and his son.
Troy also uses the fence as a way to guard himself from
death. When troy learns that Alberta has died in childbirth, he cries out:
“All right…Mr. Death…see now…I’m gonna tell you what I’m
gonna do. I’m gonna take and build me a fence around this yard see? I’m gonna
build me a fence around what belongs to me. And then I want you to stay on the
other side.” (2.2.55)
The fence symbolizes that Troy will fight and resist death.
Throughout the play Troy uses the fence to keep people out,
but his wife Rose uses the fence to keep things in. This is evident in the text
that follows:
Cory: “I don’t see why Mama want a fence around the yard
nowadays.”
Troy: “Damn if I knew wither. What the hell she keeping out
with it. She ain’t got nothing nobody want.”
Bono: “Some people build fences to keep people out…and other
people build fences to keep people in. Rose wants to hold on to you all. She
loves you.” (2.1.30-2.1.32)
Bono helps Troy to see that the fence can also be used to
keep people in. Rose sees that Troy and Cory are growing apart, and she uses
the fence as a way for them to bond. She is afraid of losing her family. It is
evident to her that Troy has different motives for building the fence. In the
end the fence that Troy builds does him more ham than good.